Larocque, M.; Fortin, V.; Pharand, M. C. et Rivard, C.
(2010).
« Groundwater contribution to river flows – using hydrograph separation, hydrological and hydrogeological models in a southern Quebec aquifer ».
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 7(5), pp. 7809-7838.
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Résumé
Groundwater contribution to river flows, generally called base flows, often accounts for
a significant proportion of total flow rate, especially during the dry season. The objective
of this work is to test simple approaches requiring limited data to understand
groundwater contribution to river flows. The Noire river basin in southern Quebec is
used as a case study. A lumped conceptual hydrological model (the MOHYSE model),
a groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) and hydrograph separation are used to provide
estimates of base flow for the study area. Results show that the methods are complementary.
Hydrograph separation and the MOHYSE surface flow model provide similar
annual estimates for the groundwater contribution to river flow, but monthly base flows
can vary significantly between the two methods. Both methods have the advantage of
being easily implemented. However, the distinction between aquifer contribution and
shallow subsurface contribution to base flow can only be made with a groundwater flow
model. The aquifer renewal rate estimated with the MODFLOW model for the Noire
River is 30% of the recharge estimated from base flow values. This is a significantly
difference which can be crucial for regional-scale water management.
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