Habibi-Kavashkohie Mohammad Reza Habibi-Kavashkohi, Mohammad Reza/M.R.H.-K; Scorza, Tatiana et Oubaha, Malika
(2023).
« Senescent Cells: Dual Implications on the Retinal Vascular System ».
Cells, 12(2341).
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Résumé
Cellular senescence, a state of permanent cell cycle arrest in response to endogenous and
exogenous stimuli, triggers a series of gradual alterations in structure, metabolism, and function, as
well as inflammatory gene expression that nurtures a low-grade proinflammatory milieu in human
tissue. A growing body of evidence indicates an accumulation of senescent neurons and blood vessels
in response to stress and aging in the retina. Prolonged accumulation of senescent cells and long-term
activation of stress signaling responses may lead to multiple chronic diseases, tissue dysfunction, and
age-related pathologies by exposing neighboring cells to the heightened pathological senescenceassociated
secretory phenotype (SASP). However, the ultimate impacts of cellular senescence on
the retinal vasculopathies and retinal vascular development remain ill-defined. In this review, we
first summarize the molecular players and fundamental mechanisms driving cellular senescence,
as well as the beneficial implications of senescent cells in driving vital physiological processes
such as embryogenesis, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. Then, the dual implications of
senescent cells on the growth, hemostasis, and remodeling of retinal blood vessels are described to
document how senescent cells contribute to both retinal vascular development and the severity of
proliferative retinopathies. Finally, we discuss the two main senotherapeutic strategies—senolytics
and senomorphics—that are being considered to safely interfere with the detrimental effects of
cellular senescence.
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